短语与固定搭配

英语 · 短语与固定搭配 动词短语　动词加副词、动词加介词与三个词的短语动词，代词作宾语时的位置，以及按动词归类的短语族。

第1节 动词加副词　合成一个意思：动词与副词合起来表示一个新意思。　名词作宾语：名词宾语放在副词前后都可以。　代词作宾语：代词宾语只能放在中间。　不带宾语：有的动词短语不带宾语。

第2节 动词加介词　介词后接宾语：介词后面要接名词或代词。　宾语放在介词后：代词也只能放在介词后面。　换介词换意思：同一个动词，换了介词就换了意思。　副词还是介词：代词能放中间的是副词。

第3节 三个词的短语　动词 + 副词 + 介词：副词在中间，介词在最后。　动词 + 名词 + 介词：名词在中间，介词在最后。　to 后接 -ing：look forward to 的 to 是介词。　宾语放在最后：三个词的短语，宾语放在最后。

第4节 按动词归类　look 一组：五个以 look 开头的短语。　turn 一组：换一个小词，turn 的意思就变了。　keep 一组：keep 后面接宾语再接副词或介词。　give 一组：give … a lift 中间要填人。

常见题型 用 on、off、for、after、down、up 填空，每词只用一次。　It’s dark. Please turn ______ the light.　I’m looking ______ my keys. Where are they?　She looks ______ her little brother at home.　It’s hot. Take ______ your coat.　Please write ______ the new words.　Don’t give ______. You can do it!

常见题型 下面的句子对的写「√」，错的在横线上写出改正后的短语。　It’s too dark. Please turn on it. ______　I will look after them. ______　Don’t throw away it. ______　Can you deal with it? ______　He looked up them in a dictionary. ______

常见题型 根据汉语完成句子，每空一词。　我们应该注意安全。We should ______ ______ ______ safety.　他参加了这次比赛。He ______ ______ ______ the game.　我们盼望着假期。We are looking ______ ______ the holiday.　学生们都钦佩这位老师。The students all look ______ ______ the teacher.

常见题型 写出与 look 构成的短语。　照料；照顾：look ______　寻找；寻求：look ______　（在词典中或通过电脑）查阅：look ______　盼望；期待：look ______ ______

常见题型 把句中的名词宾语换成代词 it 或 them，改写句子。　Turn off the TV. → ______　Look after the babies. → ______　Throw away the papers. → ______　Write down the words. → ______

常见题型 选择正确的一项，把字母写在括号里。　I look forward to （　　） from you.　A. hear　B. hearing　Please pick （　　）.　A. it up　B. up it　He is good at taking care （　　） animals.　A. of　B. with　We should take action （　　） save water.　A. to　B. for

拓展提高 用 turn on、turn off、turn down 填空。　It’s too hot in here. Please ______ the heater.　I can’t see anything. Can you ______ the light?　Please don’t ______ my invitation.

拓展提高 用方框中的短语替换画线部分，写出替换后的形式。 look after　deal with　take part in　look up to　We all admire our headteacher. ______　How do you handle this problem? ______　She takes care of the cat every day. ______　Many students joined in the race. ______

拓展提高 判断下列短语中的 up、off、after 等是副词还是介词，写「副」或「介」。　look it up 中的 up（　　）　look after it 中的 after（　　）　take it off 中的 off（　　）　deal with it 中的 with（　　）

拓展提高 每句有一处错误，把改正后的部分写在横线上。　I look forward to see you again. ______　Please pay attention for the traffic. ______　He took part on the game last week. ______　Keep the children away of the fire. ______

拓展提高 用括号里的词组成短语，填在横线上。　I’m ______ meeting the new exchange student.（forward / looking / to）　You should ______ what the teacher says.（attention / pay / to）　Every student can ______ the sports meet.（part / take / in）

拓展提高 选择正确的一项，把字母写在括号里。　The plane will （　　） in ten minutes.　A. take off　B. take place　The sports meet will （　　） next Friday.　A. take off　B. take place　Can you give me （　　） to the station?　A. a lift　B. up　Please keep the secret （　　） yourself.　A. to　B. from

英语 · 短语与固定搭配 固定搭配　be 加形容词再加介词，make、do、take 等动词与名词的搭配，表示时间、频率与数量的介词短语，以及 ask … for … 这类中间要填词的搭配。

第1节 be + 形容词 + 介词　different from 与 similar to：意思相反，介词也不同。　be proud of 与 take pride in：同一个意思，两种结构。　be known for：for 后面接闻名的原因。　harmful to 与 responsible for：有害用 to，负责用 for。

第2节 make、do、take 等加名词　make 加名词：作出、确保、弄乱，多用 make。　do 加名词：做作业、做练习，多用 do。　take 加名词：去旅行、采取行动，用 take。　play 与 have 加名词：play a role 与 play a part 意思相近。

第3节 常用介词短语　表示频率：时常、偶尔、连续，各有说法。　by accident 与 by mistake：偶然与出错，介词都用 by。　表示数量：数量的多少，也用介词短语说。　表示举例与说明：举例用 for example 与 such as。

第4节 中间要填词的搭配　ask ... for ...：中间填人，for 后填想要的东西。　thank you for ...：for 后面接感谢的原因。　divide ... into：into 后面接分成的部分。　keep ... away from：from 后面接要远离的对象。

常见题型 用适当的介词填空。　My answer is different ______ yours.　Your bag is similar ______ mine.　We are proud ______ our school.　Hangzhou is known ______ its tea.　Smoking is harmful ______ our health.　Who is responsible ______ the classroom today?

常见题型 用 make、do、take、have 填空。　______ sure you lock the door.　Let’s ______ a trip to the beach this weekend.　Can you ______ your homework now?　We should ______ action to save water.　Don’t ______ a mess in the kitchen.　What do the two stories ______ in common?

常见题型 根据汉语完成句子，每空一词。　茶是偶然被发明的。Tea was invented ______ ______.　他错拿了我的伞。He took my umbrella ______ ______.　我至少读了三遍。I read it ______ ______ three times.　我们班总共有四十人。There are forty students in our class ______ ______.

常见题型 根据括号里的人或物，补全句子。　You can ask ______ for ______.（老师；帮助）　Thank you for ______.（你的帮助）　Divide the class into ______.（四个小组）

常见题型 选择正确的一项，把字母写在括号里。　I go to the movies （　　）, maybe once a month.　A. once in a while　B. in a row　He won the game three times （　　）.　A. once in a while　B. in a row　We have （　　） time. Don’t hurry.　A. plenty of　B. at least　I like fruit, （　　） apples and oranges.　A. such as　B. in fact

常见题型 用 thank、ask、divide、keep 填空，每词只用一次。　______ the class into four groups.　______ the children away from the fire.　I want to ______ you for your help.　You can ______ him for advice.

拓展提高 同义改写，每空一词。　We are proud of our country. = We ______ ______ ______ our country.　Your idea is like mine. = Your idea is ______ ______ mine.　This town is famous for its bridges. = This town is ______ ______ its bridges.

拓展提高 每句有一处错误，把改正后的部分写在横线上。　This bike is different with that one. ______　Thank you to your help. ______　We should keep the dog away of the baby. ______　He did a mess of his room. ______

拓展提高 用 at the beginning of 或 by the end of 填空。　We had a sports meet ______ the term, on the second day.　I will finish the book ______ this week.　______ the story, the boy is very poor.

拓展提高 在横线上填入 make、do、take 或 play，使搭配完整。　______ an effort　______ a good job　______ action　______ a role　______ one’s own decision　______ a trip

拓展提高 根据汉语完成句子，每空一词。　这台机器把水果分成三类。The machine ______ the fruit ______ three kinds.　我们应该让孩子们远离危险。We should ______ children ______ ______ danger.　他有时去看望祖父母。He visits his grandparents ______ ______ ______ ______.

拓展提高 选择正确的一项，把字母写在括号里。　Potato chips were invented （　　）.　A. by mistake　B. in total　All of a sudden, it began to rain. All of a sudden 的意思是 （　　）.　A. 突然　B. 同时　In fact, he is only twelve. In fact 的意思是 （　　）.　A. 事实上　B. 例如

英语 · 短语与固定搭配 习惯搭配与词块　形容词与名词、动词与名词、副词与动词的习惯搭配，形容词与介词的搭配，按单元话题积累词块。

第1节 形容词与名词　heavy 加名词：雨大、车多用 heavy。　strong 加名词：风大、兴趣浓用 strong。　不按汉语逐字搭配：先记整个搭配，再记单词。　名词词块：两个词合起来指一样东西。

第2节 动词与名词　take 加名词：记笔记、控制，动词用 take。　其他动词加名词：树立榜样、谋生、得出结论。　一个名词配几个动词：围绕名词积累它的动词。　动词选错：不说 do progress。

第3节 副词与动词　greatly 加动词：greatly 修饰动词，程度大。　strongly 加动词：strongly 多配表示态度的动词。　highly 加形容词：highly 常修饰形容词与分词。　副词放在句末：greatly 也可以放在句末。

第4节 形容词与介词　to 引出的搭配：superior to 比……更好，不用 than。　for 引出的搭配：适合或负责的对象，用 for 引出。　of 引出的搭配：意识到、喜爱、值得，后面用 of。　动词与介词：动词、名词后的介词也要整块记。

第5节 按话题积累词块　野生动物保护：必修第二册 Unit 2 的词块。　运动与健康：必修第一册 Unit 3 的词块。　太空探索：必修第三册 Unit 4 的词块。　网络生活：必修第二册 Unit 3 的词块。

常见题型 用 heavy 或 strong 填空。　There was ______ rain last night.　A typhoon is an extremely ______ wind.　We were late because of the ______ traffic.　She has a ______ interest in music.

常见题型 用 make、take、set、earn 填空，每词只用一次。　You need to ______ notes in class.　Parents should ______ an example for their children.　He works hard to ______ a living.　Small actions can ______ a difference.

常见题型 用适当的介词填空。　Some teenagers are addicted ______ computer games.　This book is suitable ______ beginners.　We should be aware ______ the dangers.　People are concerned ______ the wild animals.　The new phone is superior ______ the old one.　The team consists ______ ten students.

常见题型 用 greatly、strongly、highly 填空，每词只用一次。　Jan’s life has been ______ improved by the Internet.　They are ______ skilled athletes.　Yuan Longping ______ believed that the answer could be found in hybrid rice.

常见题型 判断下列词块属于哪个话题，写字母。 A. 野生动物保护　B. 太空探索　C. 运动与健康　die out（　　）　on board（　　）　work out（　　）　adapt to（　　）　run out（　　）　now and then（　　）

常见题型 根据汉语完成句子，每空一词。　这件事对我们有很大作用。This will ______ a big ______ to us.　我们班这学期取得了很大进步。Our class has ______ great ______ this term.　他在会上提出了一项建议。He ______ a ______ at the meeting.

拓展提高 写出与括号里的意思相符的动词，每空一词。　______ a habit（养成）　______ a habit（改变）　______ a drawer（打开）　______ fire（着火）

拓展提高 每句有一处错误，把改正后的部分写在横线上。　We should do progress in English every day. ______　This shirt is suitable to children. ______　He is addicted in mobile games. ______　The new design is superior than the old one. ______

拓展提高 选择正确的一项，把字母写在括号里。　（　　）　A. She greatly impressed her colleagues.　B. She impressed greatly her colleagues.　（　　）　A. The farmers increased their output greatly.　B. The farmers increased greatly their output.　（　　）　A. I highly recommend this film.　B. I recommend highly this film.

拓展提高 用方框中的词块完成短文，每个词块只用一次。 die out　on average　adapt to　aware of Many animals can no longer find enough food, and some of them may ______ one day. They cannot ______ the changes quickly enough. More and more people are now ______ the problem. ______, each family in the town plants two trees a year.　第 1 空 ______　第 2 空 ______　第 3 空 ______　第 4 空 ______

拓展提高 用 comment、keep、inspire、get 的适当形式加介词填空。　Engineers can ______ track ______ the condition of airplane parts.　They are ______ famous musicians.　People like shopping online because they can often ______ discounts ______ many goods.　All the people at the meeting ______ the new bus app.

拓展提高 根据汉语完成句子，每空一词。　地震后，整座城市严重受损。After the earthquake, the whole city was ______ ______.　别丧失信心，再试一次。Don’t ______ ______. Try again.　他们终于弄清楚了问题出在哪里。They finally ______ ______ what the problem was.

英语 · 短语与固定搭配 短语动词与习语　一词多义的短语动词，小品词 up、out、off、down 的意义，教材中的英语习语，以及 lead to、result in 等近义短语的辨析。

第1节 一词多义的短语动词　make up：可指构成，也可指编造。　turn out：常指结果是，也可指熄灭。　go through：可指经历，也可指通读。　take over：可指接管，也可指取而代之。

第2节 小品词的意义　up：up 常表示完成、彻底。　out：out 常表示弄清、用尽。　off：off 常表示离开、脱离。　down：down 常表示记下、减弱。

第3节 教材中的习语　习语不按字面：serve somebody right 意为活该。　食物习语：由食物名称构成的习语。　动物习语：由动物名称构成的习语。　as … as 的比喻：用比喻表示程度。

第4节 近义短语辨析　由……组成：consist of 不用被动语态。　出发：set out 还可指开始工作。　例如：such as 用来列举事物。　结果：as a result 连接两句，不接宾语。

常见题型 写出句中 work out 的意思，把字母填在括号里。 A. 锻炼　B. 计算出　C. 解决　Come and work out at a gym!（　　）　You can quickly work out that one eleventh is about 9 percent.（　　）　She helped you to work out the answers yourself.（　　）

常见题型 用 up、out、off、down 填空。　Let’s clean ______ the classroom.　The tickets were sold ______ in an hour.　Please write ______ your name here.　The plane will take ______ soon.　Can you figure ______ the answer?　Please slow ______. The road is wet.

常见题型 为习语选择意思，把字母填在括号里。 A. something that is very easy to do　B. the best in a group　C. completely flat　D. an issue that is hard to deal with　a piece of cake（　　）　best of the bunch（　　）　as flat as a pancake（　　）　a hot potato（　　）

常见题型 用 lead to、consist of、set off、such as 的适当形式填空。　The United Kingdom ______ four countries.　Big challenges can sometimes ______ great solutions.　On the first day, I ______ to the games early with my friend.　Five out of 15 said that they prefer team sports, ______ football.

常见题型 下面的句子对的写「√」，错的在横线上写出改正后的部分。　The class is consisted of 40 students. ______　Haiku is a form of poetry that consists of 17 syllables. ______　The Inca roads were made up of two highways. ______　The heavy rain resulted the flood. ______

常见题型 根据汉语完成句子，每空一词。　结果证明她是对的。She ______ ______ to be right.　那段日子我们经历了很多。We ______ ______ a lot in those days.　这真是小菜一碟。It’s a ______ ______ ______.

拓展提高 写出句中短语动词的意思，把字母填在括号里。 A. 构成　B. 编造　C. 结果是　D. 熄灭　The cries of the seabirds make up the music of the coast.（　　）　Some think that the lives of the performers are made up.（　　）　As it turned out, there was no need to be nervous.（　　）　Night came as if a lamp was being turned out.（　　）

拓展提高 选用 up、out、off、down 与括号里的动词组成短语填空。　We should ______ the facts first.（find）　Yesterday the car ______ a strange smell.（give）　Last week he ______ my invitation politely.（turn）　Let me ______ the main ideas of the text.（sum）

拓展提高 为习语选择意思，把字母填在括号里。 A. to deliberately behave in a stupid way　B. the ability to see or notice small details　C. to earn one’s living to support a family　D. I’m surprised　act the goat（　　）　eagle eye（　　）　bring home the bacon（　　）　words fail me（　　）

拓展提高 用括号里短语的适当形式填空。　The accident on the spacecraft ______ a loss of oxygen.（result in）　Getting burnt can ______ very serious injuries.（lead to）　The Internet has ______ great changes in our lives.（bring about）

拓展提高 每句有一处错误，把改正后的部分写在横线上。　The team is consisted of ten players. ______　Hard work will result success. ______　The class is made up by 40 students. ______

拓展提高 根据汉语完成句子，每空一词。　机器人往往会占上风，取而代之。Robots often become superior and ______ ______.　这是他致命的弱点。This is his ______ ______.　这艘船明天起航。The ship will ______ ______ tomorrow.